Wednesday, November 9, 2011

License Plate Rules

My home state of Maryland does not use the letters I, O, Q, and U on its standard issue passenger license plates. Presumably the I and O are not used to avoid confusion with the numbers 1 and 0, but I don't know why the Q and U are avoided. They do sound similar, but that is true of many of the letters that are used. Other states do not follow these rules. The data below shows which of these letters I have seen on non-vanity license plates from other states and gives some examples of plates using these letters. The standard format of the license plate is shown enclosed in parentheses where "d" stands for a digit (0-9) and L stands for a letter (A-Z). Examples are enclosed in double quotes.

Wikipedia has more information on standard issue license plates. Samples of current standard plates are available here, including Q's for CA, FL, GA, IN, IO, KS, ME, MI, MS, OH, OK, OR, RI, and TN; I's for GA, NE, and SC; and possibly an O for CT.

This site has some notes about invalid letters on standard issue passenger plates, including no I, O, Q, or U for Maryland; no O (or 666) for MS; no I, O, Q, or U for PA; and no I, O, or Q for VA.

Arkansas
While in Texas, I saw an Arkansas plate with an I.

California
(dLLLddd) All letters are used, but the I, O, and possibly Q are only found in the middle letter. The Q has an unusual shape. The first digit indicates the age of the plate (lower values are older).

"6RIT751", "3XOV871", "6SOX164"

Colorado
(ddd - LLL) Uses 0 and O.









Delaware
(dddddd) -- no letters.

Florida
Uses I, Q and U.

Georgia
(LLL dddd) Uses Q
"ARQ 4169"

Ohio
(LLL dddd) Uses I
"FIP 7374"

Kansas
(ddd LLL) Uses Q and U
"RQJ 882", "845 CUL"

Michigan
(dLL Ldd; LLL dddd) Uses Q and U, but not I or O. Does not use front plates.
"3KQ L39"

Ohio
(LLL dddd) Uses I and Q
"EIY 6441", "DEQ 7994"

Oregon
(ddd LLL) Uses Q.
"622 EVQ"

Nebraska
"SLI 061"

South Carolina
(LLL nnn) Uses I and Q

"GIQ 157"

Tennessee
(ddd - LLL) Uses Q.
"266-ZQM"

Texas
I spent four days in Austin and never saw an I, O, Q, or U.
Texas may be avoiding all vowels.

Virginia
(LLL-dddd)

"WLQ-804" is an old plate from 1989 that added new letters to expand available combinations

Thursday, March 25, 2010

Seeding March Madness

Each of the teams in the NCAA Men's Division I basketball tournament is seeded so that the best teams are likely to meet late in the tournament. In 1985 the number of teams was increased to 64, and a play-in game was added in 2001. There are 4 regions, and the strongest team in each region is given the 1 seed and the weakest the 16 seed. How well does the relative seeding of two teams predict the outcome of a game? It is well known that no 16 seed has ever defeated a 1 seed, but part of the attraction of the tournament is that the higher ranked teams do not always win. I have examined the results from the 2007 through (most of) the 2010 tournaments to learn the effectiveness of the seeding process. The first figure below plots the winning margin for the favored team versus the ratio of the seeds. For example, since in 2008 Kansas, a 1 seed, beat Davidson, a 10 seed, by 2 points, there is a point with an x-value of 10.0 (10/1) and a y-value of +2 (positive because the favored team won). I have ignored the 4 times when equally seeded team play, which can only happen when the regional winners play in the "Final Four". The plot shows that the favored team usually wins (about 75% of the time), and a linear trend line has a correlation coefficient of 0.30. But there is a wide range of winning margins -- typically about ± 20 points, and the range is roughly independent of the ratio of the seeds. This is why there are many upsets.


 The second figure shows the distribution of winning margins after correcting for the trend line.  The standard deviation of the distribution is 11.0 points, and by construction the histogram is centered near 0. The standard deviation without correcting for seeding is 131. points. Once the trend line exceeds 11.0 points (at a ratio of about 5.7), the favored team is very likely to win. In fact, there is only one example of such an upset in the above figure (9-seed Northern Iowa defeating the No. 1 seed Kansas in 2010). There may be factors other than seeding that correlate with the winning margin, but I have not investigated them.


Sunday, November 22, 2009

Swift 5-Year Conference Celebration

The Swift mission celebrated its 5th anniversary with a 3-day conference at the Pennsylvania State University. Since UVOT team had their own meeting prior to the conference, I spent the entire week in State College. This was an opportunity to sample the local restaurants including the Cozy Thai, the Indian Pavilion, the Golden Wok, Herwig's, and the Berkey Creamery. While returning from the Indian Pavilion, we passed the pig sculpture (photo below) celebrating the 100th year of State College. After the conference banquet Thursday night, many of us went to hear Maxwell Strait at the club Phyrst. The beer was cheap, the band was loud, the place was jumping,  cigarettes were found in surprising locations, and the band did not quit until 2 a.m. Their lead guitar player resembled the PI of one of the Swift instruments. Attendance was down at the start of the Friday morning session.



The final day of the conference was exactly 5 years after the launch of Swift, and several cakes (left photo) celebrated the occasion. For some reason, everyone wanted a picture (right photo).



Monday, November 9, 2009

Elihu Boldt Memorial Symposium

About 100 of Elihu Boldt's friends and colleagues gathered at the American Center for Physics in College Park, MD, on November 6, 2009, to celebrate his life and legacy. In addition to those of us from the X-ray Astrophysics Branch at GSFC (which Elihu founded), there were also friends from as far away as Italy and Mexico and several people who knew Elihu as a student at MIT. There were a series of short talks about the wide range of topics that Elihu worked on during his long career. I was honored to contribute a talk on Galactic Ridge X-ray Emission. Elihu first published a paper on the topic in 1969 and was still suggesting observations a couple of years ago. An agenda for the symposium and links to some of the talks are available here.

Wednesday, August 26, 2009

Mary Ann Mears Sculptures


Mary Ann Mears is a sculptor who lives in Baltimore, Maryland. Many of her sculptures grace public areas such as bike paths in Maryland (where I first encountered them), but they are also found in other states and even in Japan. The sculptures are typically large, brightly colored abstract shapes made of aluminum or steel. The table below provides information about all the public sculptures that I know about. Unfortunately, there are rarely expository plaques with the sculptures. Another list of her sculptures can be found here. There is now an official Mary Ann Mears web site with an extensive list of her sculptures at public and private sites including the new Spun Grace at St. Agnes Hospital in Baltimore.

This interactive Google map gives accurate locations for those in Central Maryland that I have viewed.

Click on the photo links to see images of the sculptures.


Title /
Installation
Date
Location / (Marker on Google Map) Links Comments
Beacon 1
1985

Bethesda
Metro Station
plaza
(A)

photo
photo

A major work in the large plaza at the station entrance.
Gyre & Gimble

Imagination Stage
4908 Auburn Ave.
Bethesda, MD
(B)
photo
close-up
plaque

a whimsical collection of
sculptures
Floating Garden
Spring 2004

3003 Hospital Dr., Cheverly, MD (C) information inside Cheverly Health Services Building
Coloratura
2002

Southern Ave. Metro Station
(D)
photo
Callooh Callay

Baltimore & Annapolis Rail Trail
Glen Burnie, MD
(E)
photo
information

adjacent to bike path
Caracol
1984

Snowden Center
Oakland Mills Road
Columbia, MD
(F)
photo
information

An odd, out-of-the-way location.
Red Buoyant
1978

100 E. Pratt St.
Baltimore, MD
(across from Harbor Place)
(G)
photo
information

Duplicated in Kawasaki, Japan
Red Buoyant II
June 1984

Nikko Hotel
Kawasaki, Japan
photo
information
An expression of friendship
between Baltimore and Kawasaki
Boanerges
1978
Northeast Middle School
Baltimore, MD


Brio
1979
Ft. Worthington Recreation Center
Baltimore, MD
information
Ailes
1983
Notre Dame Prep School
Towson, MD


? White Marsh Mall

Esperance
1983
Conn. Dept. of Mental Retardation
Norwalk, CT


Oasis Diffraction
1999
1219 Broad St.
General Assembly Hall
Durham, NC

a mobile inside the Hall
Sky Dancing
1994
Student Recreation Center
UNC-Chapel Hill


Caged Heuristics
1997
Meyerhoff Gallery

Friday, August 14, 2009

Another Year of No Mercy



The last regular game in 2009 for No Mercy, Building 2's coed team in the GSFC Slow-Pitch Softball Association, was Monday, August 10th. Once again the team avoided being "mercied" (the other team scoring 10 runs in one inning) for the whole year, although we did give up 7 runs in the first inning of the last game before coming back to make it a respectable 7 to 5 loss.


Surprisingly I played the whole year after sitting out 2008 with shoulder pain. Physical therapy followed by a steady regimen of exercises made throwing pain-free once again. As in 2007 and 2008, there was the traditional No Mercy cheer, and then a trip to Side Pockets to celebrate another season.







Two weeks later No Mercy played in the co-ed tournament with teams from both the Monday and Tuesday leagues. The games were shortened to 4 innings, and there were some minor rule changes to speed things up. We handily won the first game, but were shut out in the final games. Since our regular pitcher was unavailable, I pitched all 3 games. I set another personal record in the second game by giving up 3 home runs to the same batter. Two easily cleared the center field fence. On the second one, I gave the pitch the most arc ever, but he still crushed it. This adds to my other pitching "accomplishments": a 4-pitch inning and a full 7-inning game with no fielding chances. Sadly, it was the final game for our star "ringer", who is taking a post-doc position in Massachusetts. At least she went out with a bang -- a bases-loaded homer in the first game. We later gave her an appropriate send off.

Sunday, September 14, 2008

Atholton High School Soccer


My daughter is once again playing on Atholton High School's junior varsity soccer team. She played well (left photo) in the team's first three games and scored goals in each victory including a header against Howard High (right photo). The soccer program had its annual "play day" Saturday morning, Sept. 12th. Players from both the boys and girls teams, junior varsity and varsity (above photo), played 7 vs. 7 games all morning. Each team had players from all four school teams. There was a wide range of skills and sizes, but the ball was passed around to all the players, and a good time was had by all. At the end of the morning, the parents got to show their moves (at least what was left of them), and played the high school players to a nil all draw.


Thursday, August 7, 2008

End of Softball



The last game in 2008 for No Mercy, Building 2's coed team in the GSFC Slow-Pitch Softball Association, was Monday, August 4th. In some ways it was a disappointing year with many games missed due to rain, schedule byes and a forfeit. Because of a shoulder problem, I only played one game, and it seems unlikely that I will play next year. On the other hand the team did avoid being "mercied" (the other team scoring 10 runs in an inning) for the whole year, and new players were added to the roster. As in 2007, after the game we went to Side Pockets to celebrate another season.

Monday, July 14, 2008

Rafting Down the Lower New River

On the weekend of July 12th, 2008, I went white-water rafting on the Lower New River near Fayetteville, WV. The trip was engineered by MD (initials only on this blog), who convinced 15 of her friends to join the expedition. She also set me up with three people who were leaving from Columbia and had room for an additional person (me) in their van. "Claire", our virtual navigator with the sultry British accent, guided us down I-95, around "Interstate four hundred and ninety five" and toward the far reaches of Va. We had a good time on the long ride, but for some reason the van liked stopping at every Sheetz convenience store along the way.

We used North American River Runners, Inc., for the trip, and everyone camped out at their headquarters in Hico, WV (Marker A on this interactive Google map). This was my kind of camping --perfect weather, drive right up to the camp site, hot water showers, and a restaurant. For only $10, they would even set up a 2-person tent for you. All it lacked was a liquor store. Fortunately others had anticipated this possibility and were quite generous with their provisions. We were entertained at night with shadow shows on the side of a tent featuring someone's toes.


The next morning we packed up, grabbed a helmet, paddle, and life jacket, and rode in a large bus (left photo) across the New River Gorge Bridge (Marker B) and down into the gorge to the river (I believe near Sewell -- Marker C). I believe the altitude is about 550 feet (old topo map). The area is part of the New River Gorge National River (map that identifies Class III (definition) and above rapids). There was a large crowd of rafters where we disembarked (right photo), but at about 10:15 am it was our turn to go. Ominously there were about a dozen buzzards watching us from a large tree on the other side of the river. Our group of 16 was in two large 8-person rafts (plus the guide) like the one in the foreground of the right photo. The raft that I was in also included the three people that I drove down with and MD. I think only MD had ever been rafting before, but fortunately the guide (the tall man with his back to the camera toward the left of the right photo) knew what he was doing and carefully explained what we should be doing. Each rafter sat on the edge of the raft with their feet wedged under one of the inflatable tubes running across the raft. This made it easy to paddle while still being well connected to the raft. The weather was pleasantly warm, and there were enough clouds to keep us from getting baked by the Sun. I took my (very) old digital camera along in a dry bag, but only risked taking pictures a few times on the river (when there were calm stretches). KJ brought a waterproof camera, and it had to be fished out of the river once by our guide.

The first large set of rapids (Upper Railroad?) was real exciting, and at one point most of the people on the right side of the raft were thrown over to the left side. At the time I was thinking that this could be a long trip, but looking back I suspect that we simply were not quite ready. After a while, it became a standard joke as we approached more rapids to tell people to stay on their own side of the raft. Before we entered a rapid the guide would always tell us which direction to swim if we fell off. Fortunately no one in our raft ever did, but we did see two people fall off rafts going through rapids, and one large raft flipped over. A guide also fell off.

The front car is the most exciting position when riding roller coasters, and the same is true for rafting. Instead I sat in the back left of the raft where no one could easily check how hard I was paddling. For some reason, the right side of our raft was by far the wetter -- only one big wave came over the left side of the raft. Surfing was an interesting, unexpected part of rafting. After going through a rapid, we would turn around and paddle back. There is a quasi-stable position just downstream of the rock that obstructed the flow of water.

About noon we stopped for lunch at the side of the river. The guides provided cold cuts for sandwiches, salads, and cookies. Lunch also provided the opportunity to take a few photos. It took two attempts to get the group photo to the right. In the first attempt, the person taking the photo thought that she took 3 pictures, but actually was not pressing the shutter button hard enough. Fortunately someone wanted to look at the pictures and discovered there weren't any. The right photo is actually the 6th pose, and people were beginning to act up.

Although the rapids provided the thrills during the trip, most of the time was spent just floating down the river. We really did not paddle that much. In several of the stretches between the rapids, we were encouraged to jump off and float down the river near the raft. It was great fun, and in a couple of places you could even float through wimpy rapids. The water was surprisingly warm, but still refreshing.


Toward the end of the trip, our guide suggested that someone "bull ride" the final set of rapids, and we volunteered MD. Holding a rope attached to the front of the raft and sitting precariously on the front (like the person in the right photo), she rode into the rapids. Fortunately she had the good sense to fall back into the raft instead of forward into the river.

Near the end of the trip we floated under the New River Gorge Bridge (HDR photo), which we had crossed several hours earlier. It is an amazing structure whether viewed from its deck or from the river 876 feet below (right photo). When finished in 1977, it was the longest steel arch bridge in the world, and it is still the second highest vehicular bridge. It is closed to traffic the third Saturday in October every year for the New River Gorge Bridge Day party. Last year 155,000 people showed up to watch BASE jumping (YouTube video) and rappelling down the bridge. For comparison, the Chesapeake Bay Bridge Walk draws about 50,000 people.

Just downstream from the bridge, a large rock provided an opportunity to jump into the river. It seemed like a good idea in the raft, but not so smart from the top of the rock. Since there is no easy way back down the rock, in you go (right photo).

We left the river a bit downstream of the large rock and piled into another bus at about 2:30 pm. We had traveled about 6 miles on the river and dropped about 300 feet in altitude. With fortunate timing, it started raining very hard just as the bus headed up the side of the gorge and then back to the campground. After a quick change into dry clothes, we started the long trip back to Maryland.

Friday, July 11, 2008

Field of Sheets


In honor of (energy) Independence Day, the citizens of Columbia, Maryland, decided to dry their sheets and blankets using solar energy on the shores of Lake Kittamaqundi near the Town Center.

Sunday, June 29, 2008

Field of Pipes


While riding past Howard Community College today, I saw an interesting collection of pipes (lower photo) in a pit next to a large building currently under construction. I later saw the sign (above photo) on the other side of the construction site announcing this as the Medical Pavilion at Howard County. The new building at the right of the photo is between HCC and Howard County General Hospital. The pit has been dug (the dirt is in the background), and the large plastic pipes nearly cover the exposed area. All the black pipes are connected on the right side. The yellow and black pipes are carefully aligned, but not yet connected (the merging of two photos creates what appears to be a bend in the pipes). The pipes have been partially covered with gravel, and the large pile of gravel toward the left of the photo suggests that the pipes will be completely covered with gravel later. The pipes are made in Winchester, Kentucky, by Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., and shipped as half-cylinders so that they can be efficiently stacked.


When I returned two days later, the pipes were almost entirely covered. I now believe that this is an elaborate drainage system (e.g., a weeping tile as suggested by BP). There appears to be a storm drain in the far right corner of the field with a concrete silo leading down to the pipes.

Thursday, June 26, 2008

Goodbye for a Year

One of my co-workers will spend the next year at NASA HQ as a detailee -- essentially a temporary work assignment. To mark this occasion properly, the usual crowd took her to lunch at Sir Walter Raleigh and then shared a few drinks after work at Chevy's. In addition to those in the picture, at least six other people stopped by to wish her well.



Thursday, May 22, 2008

Atholton High School Graduation 2008



Atholton High School's 2008 Commencement was on May 22nd at Merriweather Post Pavilion (left photo). My son was one of about 300 students celebrating their graduation from high school by walking across the stage to be congratulated by Janet Siddiqui of the Howard County Board of Education and Atholton's principal Marcy Leonard (right photo). He not only got his diploma (lower left photo), but was recognized the previous day for his participation in First Robotics and the Atholton Robotics Club (lower right photo).

Sunday, May 4, 2008

Atholton High School Botball 2008




My son's high school, Atholton High, competed in the Greater D.C. Regional Botball Robot Tournament on May 3, 2008, at Ritchie Coliseum (left photo) on the U. of Maryland College Park Campus. There were about 50 teams -- mostly from high schools in the region, but also a few from middle schools and clubs. The goal was to build two robots (or in a few cases only one) from a kit of parts that would autonomously knock some pieces off the table and move other pieces to the desired part of the table (right photo). There was a story about a solar flare endangering the space station, and the robot has two minutes to deploy (knock off the table) the satellites (blue cups) and solar sails (little paper umbrellas), move the crew (orange poms) to the orange square, and the plants (green poms) to the green square. The robot can also connect the two modules (tables) by setting up the pathways between them (knock down the hinged pieces of wood). Before the match, the students set up the robots in the proper position, and then had nothing to do during the match except possibly catch a robot falling off the table. Turning on two light bulbs signaled the start of the game. (As a result no flash photography was allowed, which led to rather long exposures of about 1/15th of a second for my photos.) There were three seeding rounds in which only one team was on a table, and then double elimination rounds in which two teams competed in a head-to-head match. The first Atholton team (with mostly seniors) had a series of problems and lost their first two elimination matches (left photo). The second team (with mostly juniors) only built one robot, but it would consistently deploy all the satellites and solar sails and move all the crew and plants on their side of the table to safety (right photo). They won their first two elimination matches. The right photo below shows the board at the end of the second match. Note that there are no cups left on their (right) side of the table, and all the poms have been moved to the squares. They eventually finished 6th.